Crank-paddle.



No. 660,260. Patented Got. 23, I900.

- H. A. A. MABTENS.

CRANK PADDLE. (Application filed Mar. 6. 1900.

3, Sheets-Sheet l.

(No ModeL) WITNESSES f g/W/VTOI? THE NORRIS PFI'ERS C0,. FHDTD-LITflO WASHINGTON D C- Arm/ rs Patented Oct. 23,- I900}.

H. A. A. MABTENS.

CRANK PADDLE.

(Application filed Mar. 6. 1900. y

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(No Model.)

' //v ENT /fl jail/#11 ATTORNEYS No. 650,260. Patented Oct. 23, I900.

H. A. A. MARTE NS.

CRANK PADDLE.

(Application filed. 1m. 6, 1900.

(No Modem 3 Sheets-Sheet a.

., .F w w mM 65/ wg ATTORNEYS UNITE STATES;

HENRY A. A. MARTENS, on. NEW YORK, .N. Y.

CRANKPAD DLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 660,260, dated October 23, 1900.

Application filed March 6, 1900. Serial No. 7,472. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY A. A. MARTENS, a citizen of the United States, residing at New. York, in the county of New York and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oar Mechanism, of which the following is a full and complete; specification, such as will enable those skilled; in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to oar mechanismi for boat propulsion; and the object there: of is to provide oar mechanism for the propulsion of row and other boats which maybe operated by the application of power by hand or from a drive-shaft similarly to machines in general and in'which the motion of the oars or blades simulates that produced by the manual operation of oars.

A particular object of the invention. is to provide a construction whereby the oars or blades may be caused to feather between the strokes thereof, entering the water edge foremost; and with respect to this particular object the invention consists in an improvement upon the construction described and claimed in a prior application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 741,571, filed December 26, 1899.

The invention consists in the construction and operative connection of the parts hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, in which like reference characters denote like parts in the several views, Figure 1 is a transverse sectional view of a portion of a boat and showing my improved oar mechanism mounted thereon; Fig. 2, an end view thereof; Fig. 3, a sectional View of a portion thereof; and Figs. 4 and 5, sectional views, upon an enlarged scale, of a detail thereof respectively showing two of the relative positions assumed thereby in the operation of the oar mechanism.

In the practice of my invention I employ in connection with the gunwale 6 of a boat two upwardly-directed standards 7and 8,in which is journaled a laterally-directed drive-shaft 9, provided at its inner end with a hand or drive wheel 10, which is provided with a handle 11, which projects in practice within the boat and whereby the drive-shaft 9 may be the shaft 9 is a supplemental shaft 13, prov vided with a fixed gear 14, which meshes with the gear 12 and is of increased diameter relative to the gear 12.

Fixed to'either'end of the shaft 13 and opposed at angles of one hundred and eighty V degrees are eccentrics 15, provided at their outer ends with crank-pins 16, and loosely connected with each of the crank-pins 16, in.

the manner hereinafter described, is a depending oar, respectively 17 and 17, which oars are provided at their lower ends with blades 18. Each of the oars 17 and 17 is twisted at 19, as clearly shown in the drawings, whereby the edge portion 18 of each, next adjacent to the blade 18 thereof, lies in a plane at right angles to thatin which lies the edge portion 18 at the other side of the twisted portion 19 of the oar. Each of the oars l7 and 17 is slotted longitudinally through the twisted portion 19 and above and below the same, as shown at 20.

Fixed to the upper end of each of the oars 17 and 17 is a block or head 21, which is chambered angularly, as shown at 22 in Figs. 4 and 5, and one side of which is closed by a plate 23, provided with a transverse slot 24,.

with the chamber 22 and the slot 24 and is approximately of the same size as the slot 24 and is arranged in the same plane transversely of the block 21 as said slot 24. Each of the plates 23 is detachably secured to its respective block 21, whereby it may be removed for the introduction into the chamber 22 of a ballhe'ad 26, with which each of the crank-pins 16 is provided, and the interior walls of the chambers 22 are curved in formation to fit the ball-heads 26, whereby the blocks 21 and the said ball-heads constitute ball-and-socket joints, having a movement limited by the formationand extentof the slots 24 and 25, which communicate, as clearly shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.

The crank-pins 16 are detachably connected with their respective eccentrics 15 by threaded end portions 27, in connection with which operate nuts 28, which are turned down against the eccentrics 15, against which upon the other side bear shoulders 29.

The oar mechanism herein-above described is operated by means of the handlell in the same manner as the oar mechanism disclosed and claim ed in the previous application herein initially referred to, the blades 18 alternately entering and leaving the water executing curved operative strokes and return strokes approximately parallel with the surface of the water, this motion of the blades being, caused by the combined reciprocal and pivotal movement of the oars 17 and 17 in connection with the shaft 9, the driving power being furnished by the eccentrics 15, whichthe position shown in this figure, the blade 18 of the oar 17 will be gradually withdrawn diagonally upwardly from the water and then above the water into the position occupied by the blade 18 of the oar 17, and in such motion the twisted portion 19 of the oar will be passed about the drive-shaft 9, which extends through the slot 20 therein, and this operation will result in twisting the blade 18 axially into a position at right angles to the position which it occupies in Fig. 2. A further operation of the drive -shaft 9 in the same constant direction will force the blade 18 of the said oar 17 diagonally downwardly into the water, edge foremost, in a feathering manner, whereby the resistance offered by the blade to the water will be extremely slight, such edgemost entrance of a blade into the water being, as is well known, a desideratnm in boat propulsion.

The relative construction and arrangement of parts are such that themovements of the two blades of the respective oars are directly opposed, said blades alternately engaging and passing through the water and immediately subsequently leaving the same and being twisted about during the return stroke into position to enter the water edge foremost, as above described. This lateral twist of the oars and the blades thereof is manifestly made possible by means of the ball-an d-socket connection of the blades with the eccentrics 15, this ball-and-socket connection comprising the chambered and slotted blocks 21 and the ball-headed crank-pins 26, operating within the chambers in said blocks.

I do not limit myself to the specific construction and arrangement of parts herein described, but reserve the right to vary the same within the scope of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 'Paten t- 1. The herein-described oar mechanism, comprising a slidably-fulcrnmed oar, ablade connected with one end thereof, said oar being provider] with an elongated slot, and being longitudinally twisted in the portion thereof in which said elongated slot is formed, a device which is passed through said elongated slot and upon which said rod is slidably fulcrumed and means for operating said oar, substantially as shown and described.

2. The herein-described oar mechanism, comprising a slidably-fnlcrumed oar, a blade connected with one end thereof, a relativelystationary device, said oar being provided with an elongated slot through which said relatively-stationary device passes, and said oar being longitudinally twisted in the portion thereof in which said elongated slot is formed, and means for operating said oar, substantially as shown and described.

3. The herein-described oar mechanism, comprising a slidably-fnlcrumed oar, a blade connected with one end thereof, a relativelystationary device, said oar being provided with an elongated slot through which said relatively-stationary device passes, and said oar being longitudinally twisted in the portion thereof in which said elongated slot is formed, and means for circularly operating the end of said oar, said means for operating said oar being loosely connected therewith, substantially as shown and described.

4:- The herein-described oar mechanism,

comprising a power-shaft, a supplemental shaft arranged adjacent theretoand operatively connected therewith, said supplemental shaft being provided with a crank device, an oar operatively connected with said powershaft by means of a longitudinal slot through which said power-shaft passes, said oar being loosely operatively connected with said crank device and being longitudinally twisted in the portion thereof in which said longitudinal slot is formed, substantially as shown and described.

5. An oarmeehanism of the class described, comprising a suitably-supported power-shaft, a supplemental shaft arranged adjacent thereto and operatively connected therewith, said supplemental shaft being provided with oppositely-directed crank devices, two oars each of which is operatively connected with said power-shaft by means of a longitudinal slot through which said power-shaft passes, each of said oars being operatively and loosely connected with one of said crank devices and being twisted in the portion thereof in which the respective longitudinal slot is formed, substantially as shown and described.

6. The herein-described oar mechanism, comprising a suitable support which is adapted to be connected with the gunwale or other part of a boat, said support being provided with a standard, a power-shaft passed through IIO said standard, and a supplemental shaft journaled in said standard, each of said shafts being provided with a gear-wheel, which gearwheels intermesh, said supplemental shaft being provided with eccentrics which are set at angles relatively of approximately one hund red and eighty degrees, two oars operatively connected with said power-shaft by means 9f longitudinal slots through which said powershaft passes, and each of said oars being operatively and loosely connected with one of said eccentrics, and provided with a longitudinally-twisted portion, in the portion of the respective oar in which the respective longitudinal slot is formed, substantially as shown and described.

7. An oar mechanism of the class described, comprising a suitably-supported power-shaft, a supplemental shaft operatively connected therewith and provided with oppositely-directed crank devices, two oars operatively and loosely connected with said crank devices, and: reciprocally and pivotally connected with said power-shaft, and each of said oars being longitudinally twisted in the portion thereof which is operatively connected with said drive-shaft, the relative construction and arrangement of parts being such that upon the revolution of said driveshaft said oars are caused to execute successivel y curved stroke movements and succeeding return movements, each of which latter is'executed approximatelyin a straight line, and that each of said oars at a predetermined phase of its movementshall be axially oscillated, substantially as shown and described.

8. In an oar mechanism of the class described, a crank device, means for operating the same, an oar provided with a chambered block or head, and with two communicating slots which also communicate with the cham-' ber in said block or head, said crank device being provided with a crank-pin having a ball-head which operates within the chamber in said block or head, and a relatively-fixed device which passes through an elongated slot HENRY A. A. MARTENS.

Witnesses:

T. A. STEWART, V. M. VosLER. 

